Rekenbox · 2026
Cash flow calculator
Calculate operating cash flow from profit, depreciation and working capital. Or analyse every ratio.Your figures explained
Understand the number.
Net profit + depreciation − change in operating working capital
Estimated operating cash flow. The working-capital change excludes cash, borrowings and specified non-operating assets.
Bar length shows absolute magnitude; negative values are red and retain their minus sign. A dash means unavailable.
No universal range. Compare with your industry, agreements and previous years.
Three practical next steps
- Reduce excess stock and monitor expiry dates.
- Agree payment terms and monitor outstanding invoices.
- Schedule investment around your projected cash low point.
All ratios at a glance
No credit assessment or industry benchmark. Comparable years and reliable classification are needed for useful conclusions.
- Total assets
- €110,000.00
- Equity
- €50,000.00
- Current liabilities
- €30,000.00
- Non-current liabilities and provisions
- €30,000.00
- Balance difference
- €0.00
- Net profit
- €26,000.00
- Operating working capital excluding cash
- €10,000.00
- Change in operating working capital
- €3,000.00
Findings and points to check
- Previous ratios use closing balances because a third balance sheet is unavailable. This year uses averages where needed. Compare only full years with consistent accounting policies.
All financial ratios and formulas
| Ratio | 2026 | 2025 | Change | Formula |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solvency: equity/assets | 45.45% | 42.11% | 3.35 percentage points | Equity / total assets × 100% |
| Equity-to-debt ratio | 83.33% | 72.73% | 10.61 percentage points | Equity / total liabilities × 100% |
| Debt ratio: liabilities/assets | 54.55% | 57.89% | -3.35 percentage points | Total liabilities / total assets × 100% |
| Current ratio | 1.67× | 1.6× | 0.07× | Current assets / current liabilities |
| Quick ratio | 1× | 1× | 0× | (Current assets − inventory) / current liabilities |
| Net working capital | €20,000.00 | €15,000.00 | €5,000.00 | Current assets − current liabilities |
| EBIT | €35,000.00 | €27,000.00 | €8,000.00 | Revenue − cost of sales − staff − other operating expenses − depreciation |
| EBITDA | €45,000.00 | €36,000.00 | €9,000.00 | EBIT + depreciation and amortisation |
| EBITDA margin | 18.75% | 17.14% | 1.61 percentage points | EBITDA / revenue × 100% |
| Gross profit margin | 58.33% | 57.14% | 1.19 percentage points | (Revenue − cost of sales) / revenue × 100% |
| Net profit margin | 10.83% | 9.29% | 1.55 percentage points | Net profit / revenue × 100% |
| Return on equity (ROE) | 57.78% | 48.75% | 9.03 percentage points | Net profit / average equity × 100% |
| Return on assets (ROA) | 34.15% | 28.42% | 5.73 percentage points | EBIT / average total assets × 100% |
| Interest coverage | 11.67× | 9× | 2.67× | EBIT / interest expense |
| Days sales outstanding (DSO) | 20.53 days | 20.86 days | -0.33 days | Average trade receivables / revenue × 365 |
| Days payable outstanding (DPO) | 49.28 days | 48.67 days | 0.61 days | Average trade payables / cost of sales × 365 |
| Days inventory outstanding (DIO) | 63.87 days | 60.83 days | 3.04 days | Average inventory / cost of sales × 365 |
| Total asset turnover | 2.34× | 2.21× | 0.13× | Revenue / average total assets |
| Cash conversion cycle | 35.13 days | 33.02 days | 2.11 days | DSO + DIO − DPO |
| Operating cash flow (indirect) | €33,000.00 | — | — | Net profit + depreciation − change in operating working capital |
| Free cash flow | €18,000.00 | — | — | Operating cash flow − net capital expenditure paid |
Entered balance sheet and profit and loss
| Item | 2026 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Non-current assets | €60,000.00 | €55,000.00 |
| Inventory | €20,000.00 | €15,000.00 |
| Trade receivables | €15,000.00 | €12,000.00 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | €10,000.00 | €8,000.00 |
| Other current assets | €5,000.00 | €5,000.00 |
| Equity (including profit) | €50,000.00 | €40,000.00 |
| Non-current liabilities and provisions | €30,000.00 | €30,000.00 |
| Trade payables | €15,000.00 | €12,000.00 |
| Current taxes and social contributions | €5,000.00 | €4,000.00 |
| Other current liabilities | €10,000.00 | €9,000.00 |
| Revenue excluding VAT | €240,000.00 | €210,000.00 |
| Cost of goods sold | €100,000.00 | €90,000.00 |
| Staff costs | €65,000.00 | €58,000.00 |
| Depreciation and amortisation | €10,000.00 | €9,000.00 |
| Other operating expenses (net) | €30,000.00 | €26,000.00 |
| Interest expense | €3,000.00 | €3,000.00 |
| Tax on profit | €6,000.00 | €4,500.00 |
| Capital expenditure paid less disposal proceeds | €15,000.00 | €12,000.00 |
| Borrowings included in other current liabilities | €0.00 | €0.00 |
| Non-operating part of other current assets | €0.00 | €0.00 |
Assumptions, sources and version
2026 · financial-ratios-1.0 · v2026.1
- Indicative ratios based on your own book values. No industry benchmark, credit assessment or accountant’s assurance. KVK ranges are general guidance; lender agreements and industry conventions can differ.
- A year uses 365 days. DSO, DPO and DIO use average balances for two years, otherwise closing balances. Revenue and cost of sales approximate credit sales and purchases; VAT, seasonality and cash transactions can distort collection periods.
- ROA = EBIT / average assets; ROE = net profit / average equity. A zero or negative denominator does not produce a meaningful ratio. Simplified indirect cash flow = profit + depreciation − change in operating working capital, excluding cash and specified borrowings/non-operating assets. Other non-cash items and business acquisitions/disposals are not included.
- Enter comparable full years with the same accounting policies. Negative equity and unbalanced accounts remain visible. Imported proposals are applied only after your classification review; unknown accounts are never silently omitted.
- KVK — levensvatbaarheid, liquiditeit en solvabiliteit (2026-09-06)
- KVK — werkkapitaal (2026-09-06)
- Referentie GrootboekSchema — definitieve versie RGS 3.7 (2026-09-06)
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Understand your result
How this tool works
Cash flow describes movements of money, while profit describes performance under the chosen accounting treatment. The two can differ substantially. A credit sale may generate profit before the customer pays. Depreciation reduces profit without creating a new payment during the period. To make that distinction visible, this calculator uses the indirect method. Start with net profit, add depreciation and account for the change in operating working capital between two balance-sheet dates.
Operating working capital here consists of inventory, receivables and other operating current assets, less operating current liabilities. Cash is excluded from that movement; otherwise cash flow would partly be explained using cash itself. Borrowings within other current liabilities and specified non-operating assets are excluded too. Enter those adjustments only when they are subsets of the corresponding balance-sheet item. The calculator checks that an adjustment does not exceed the total it belongs to.
When more cash is tied up in stock or receivables, operating working capital increases and cash flow falls. If suppliers finance more of the cycle or customers pay faster, cash can be released. Free cash flow is then operating cash flow less net capital expenditure actually paid. This is before debt repayments, new borrowing, capital contributions and distributions to owners. It is therefore not a complete reconciliation between opening and closing bank balances.
The model is intentionally recognisable but simplified. Unusual non-cash items, exchange differences, acquisitions and differences between booked and paid taxes can make a complete cash-flow statement more complex. Use full, comparable years and review any classification changes. Without a previous year the movement cannot be determined and cash-flow results remain unavailable, although other ratios can still be calculated. The free PDF and CSV let you retain the calculation. For a forecast of coming months, use a cash budget based on actual payment dates; this page analyses the historical annual figures you enter. Keep supporting explanations for material adjustments so readers can understand exactly which cash flows the estimate includes.
Operating cash flow and free cash flow formula
Operating cash flow = profit + depreciation − change in operating working capital
Read the result alongside the composition of your balance sheet and payment agreements. The visual comparison shows current and previous values; the selected ratio’s formula remains visible.
Common questions
How do you calculate operating cash flow?
In this simplified indirect model: net profit plus depreciation less an increase in operating working capital. A decrease in working capital is added instead.
How do operating and free cash flow differ?
Free cash flow here is operating cash flow less net capital expenditure paid. Debt repayments, new capital and distributions to owners are not yet included.
Why do I need two balance sheets?
The working-capital movement is the difference between the current closing balance and a comparable opening balance. Without the previous balance sheet it cannot be determined.
Can a profitable business have negative cash flow?
Yes. Inventory growth, late customer payments or major investment may require more cash than profit generates. Review the individual movements and payment dates.
Which details do you need?
- Company name (optional)
- Financial year
- Compare previous year
- Net profit
- Non-current assets
- Inventory
- Trade receivables
- Cash and cash equivalents
- Other current assets
- Equity (including profit)
- Non-current liabilities and provisions
- Trade payables
- Current taxes and social contributions
- Other current liabilities
- Revenue excluding VAT
- Cost of goods sold
- Staff costs
- Depreciation and amortisation
- Other operating expenses (net)
- Interest expense
- Tax on profit
- Net profit from the accounts
- Capital expenditure paid less disposal proceeds
- Borrowings included in other current liabilities
- Non-operating part of other current assets
- Previous year: non-current assets
- Previous year: inventory
- Previous year: trade receivables
- Previous year: cash and cash equivalents
- Previous year: other current assets
- Previous year: equity (including profit)
- Previous year: non-current liabilities and provisions
- Previous year: trade payables
- Previous year: current taxes and social contributions
- Previous year: other current liabilities
- Previous year: revenue excluding vat
- Previous year: cost of goods sold
- Previous year: staff costs
- Previous year: depreciation and amortisation
- Previous year: other operating expenses (net)
- Previous year: interest expense
- Previous year: tax on profit
- Previous year: net profit from the accounts
- Previous year: capital expenditure paid less disposal proceeds
- Previous year: borrowings included in other current liabilities
- Previous year: non-operating part of other current assets
Limits of this tool
- Indicative ratios based on your own book values. No industry benchmark, credit assessment or accountant’s assurance. KVK ranges are general guidance; lender agreements and industry conventions can differ.
- A year uses 365 days. DSO, DPO and DIO use average balances for two years, otherwise closing balances. Revenue and cost of sales approximate credit sales and purchases; VAT, seasonality and cash transactions can distort collection periods.
- ROA = EBIT / average assets; ROE = net profit / average equity. A zero or negative denominator does not produce a meaningful ratio. Simplified indirect cash flow = profit + depreciation − change in operating working capital, excluding cash and specified borrowings/non-operating assets. Other non-cash items and business acquisitions/disposals are not included.
- Enter comparable full years with the same accounting policies. Negative equity and unbalanced accounts remain visible. Imported proposals are applied only after your classification review; unknown accounts are never silently omitted.
Year: 2026 · Version 2026.1
Sources for this tool
- KVK — levensvatbaarheid, liquiditeit en solvabiliteit · calculation source checked 2026-09-06
- KVK — werkkapitaal · calculation source checked 2026-09-06
- Referentie GrootboekSchema — definitieve versie RGS 3.7 · calculation source checked 2026-09-06
Prepared by the Rekenbox product team at Winstwaker. The listed source references and calculation version make the method traceable. Report a content error Last updated: 2026-09-06. Rekenbox is a product by Winstwaker. The tool applies a calculation model to your inputs; a result or paid report is not a personal assessment by an adviser.